Identifier
etd-07102015-125551
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department
Biological Sciences
Document Type
Dissertation
Abstract
Leukotrienes are potent immune-modulatory compounds involved in the inflammatory response. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is the enzyme that catalyzes the production of Leukotriene A4 (LTA4), which is further metabolized to pro- and anti-inflammatory compounds derived from the substrate Arachidonic Acid (AA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid. The crystal structure of a stabilized form of 5-LOX has been recently reported (Gilbert, Bartlett et al. 2011). However, the structure does not reveal the mode of substrate entry or recognition. The first step in the enzymatic reaction involves the removal of a hydrogen from the central carbon of a pentadiene present in the substrate. It is not known how 5-LOX distinguishes among three such chemically equivalent pentadienes in AA to produce only 5-S-HPETE, which is subsequently transformed to LTA4. The crystal structure suggests a somewhat crescent shaped active site lined with invariant Leucines and Isoleucines, with no clear access port visible for substrate entry. A series of site-directed mutants were produced and the activities of these mutants evaluated. Product analyses of these mutants with AA and substrate analogs suggest entry of the substrate by the opening of the so-called Phenylalanine (F)-Tyrosine(Y) ‘cork’. The data is also consistent with the orientation of AA as carboxyl innermost, as predicted from the stereochemistry of the product and mechanistic models of lipoxygenase function.
Date
2015
Document Availability at the Time of Submission
Secure the entire work for patent and/or proprietary purposes for a period of one year. Student has submitted appropriate documentation which states: During this period the copyright owner also agrees not to exercise her/his ownership rights, including public use in works, without prior authorization from LSU. At the end of the one year period, either we or LSU may request an automatic extension for one additional year. At the end of the one year secure period (or its extension, if such is requested), the work will be released for access worldwide.
Recommended Citation
Mitra, Sunayana, "Insights into 5-Lipoxygenase Active Site and Catalysis" (2015). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3000.
https://repository.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3000
Committee Chair
Newcomer, Marcia
DOI
10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.3000